Black ginger on a label: identity, serving and source

Three separate label-reading categories: Ingredient identity, Serving declaration and Source document.
Ingredient identity, serving declaration and source document are separate kinds of information.

Diagram text: Ingredient identity — what name is declared? Serving declaration — what quantity is stated? Source document — where is it stated?

A black-ginger label can contain several kinds of information. The ingredient name identifies what is declared. The serving statement describes a quantity. A source document shows where a statement came from. These are different pieces of information, and none confirms the others on its own.

Ingredient identity: what name is being used?

Fictional schematic ingredient line with placeholders for common name, botanical name, and optional plant-part or extract wording.
Schematic only: the placeholders show parts of an ingredient line, not a real product label.

Diagram text: Fictional placeholders, not a product label: [common name], [botanical name], [plant part or extract, if stated]. Record each name as written.

Black ginger is a common name associated with Kaempferia parviflora. A label may use the common name, the botanical name, or both. Read the complete ingredient line before treating two differently worded descriptions as the same declaration.

Some labels also describe a plant part, an extract, or a named constituent. Record those words as written. A constituent percentage describes what the label declares about that constituent; it does not, by itself, verify the identity or composition of a particular pack.

Serving information: what does the number describe?

Schematic with blank serving count, ingredient amount and unit fields connected by arrows showing their association.
Schematic only: read the serving basis, amount and unit together; no quantity is supplied.

Diagram text: Blank fields, no real ingredient or quantity: serving count [count], ingredient amount [amount], unit [unit]. The arrows indicate association only.

Find the serving size and the amount of black ginger declared per serving. The number of capsules or scoops in a serving may differ from the amount shown for one capsule or scoop. If a panel lists more than one ingredient, check which line each number belongs to.

Keep units attached to the number: milligrams of an ingredient, a percentage of a named constituent and a count of capsules describe different things. A number cannot be interpreted reliably when separated from its unit, serving basis and ingredient line. An extract amount and a constituent percentage are not interchangeable descriptions.

Provenance: where did the wording come from?

A pack panel, a seller's webpage and a separate document are different sources. Note which one you are reading and its date or version if shown. If wording differs between sources, record the difference rather than silently combining them into one description.

A document may identify its issuer, date, product or batch. Those details tell you what the document refers to; a document about one batch does not automatically describe every pack or a later version. A webpage may change without displaying a revision history. When a source omits a date, version or batch reference, that connection remains unknown.

What remains uncertain

A label is a declaration, not independent confirmation of the contents of a particular pack. A detailed declaration is still a declaration. Missing information is an unknown, not evidence for a conclusion in either direction. Keep the ingredient name, serving basis and source of each statement together so the limits of what was actually disclosed remain visible.